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NÚMEROS ORDINALES/ ORDINAL NUMBERS
Ordinal numbers are adjectives used to organize persons and things into a sequence or order. Since they are adjectives, they agree in number and gender with the nouns they modify.
NOTE: In Spanish, ordinal numbers are seldom used after the tenth.
1° - 30°1° primer(o) 11° undécimo 21° vigésimo primer(o) 2° segundo 12° duodécimo 22° vigésimo segundo 3° tercer(o) 13° decimotercer(o) 23° vigésimo tercer(o) 4° cuarto 14° decimocuarto 24° vigésimo cuarto 5° quinto 15° decimoquinto 25° vigésimo quinto 6° sexto 16° decimosexto 26° vigésimo sexto 7° séptimo 17° decimoséptimo 27° vigésimo séptimo 8° octavo 18° decimoctavo 28° vigésimo octavo 9° noveno 19° decimonoveno 29° vigésimo 10° décimo 20° vigésimo 30° trigésimo 30° - 90°40° cuadragésimo 50° quincuagésimo 60° sexagésimo 70° septuagésimo 80° octogésimo 90° nonagésimo 100 - 2M100° centésimo 101° centésimo primer(o) 102° centésimo segundo 200° ducentésimo 201° ducentésimo primer(o) 202° ducentésimo segundo
300° tricentésimo 400° cuadringentésimo 500° quingentésimo 600° sexcentésimo 700° septingentésimo 800° octingentésimo 900° noningentésimo 1000° milésimo 2000° dos milésimo 1,000,000° millonésimo 2,000,000° dos millonésimo
EXERCISE
SOME RULES TO REMEMBER
1. The ordinal numbers primer(o)/first and tercer(o)/third drop the final -o before any masculine singular nouns.
EXAMPLES
- Juan es mi primer hijo./ Juan is my first son.
- Diana es mi primera hija./ Diana is my first daughter.
- Es el tercer auto que vendo./ It's the third car that I sold.
- Ya leí la tercera página./ I already read the third page.
2. In Spanish, cardinal numbers (arabic numberals) are used for dates except for the first.
EXAMPLES
- Hoy es primero de enero./ Today is January 1 (first).
- Mañana es el dos de enero./ Tomorrow is January 2 (second).
3. When primer(o)/ first and a cardinal number modify the same noun, the cardinal number can go before or after primer(o).
EXAMPLES
- Estuve enferma los cuatro primeros días de nuestro viaje al Japón./ I was sick the first four days of our trip to Japan.
- Estuve enferma los primeros cuatro días de nuestro viaje al Japón./ I was sick the first four days of our trip to Japan.
4. Usually ordinal numbers precede the nouns they modify. However, when the ordinal numbers denote the numerical order of a pontiff or sovereign, they follow the nouns these ordinal numbers modify.
EXAMPLES
- Juan Pablo II (Segundo) visitó Méjico.(México can also be spelt with x)/ John Paul II (the second) visited Mexico.
NOTE: In Spanish, the definite article the is NOT used with roman numbers that denote the numerical order of a pontiff or sovereign as it is in English.
EXERCISE
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